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Albert J. Partoll. Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 1951 Apr.
Brief biography of the Hudson's Bay Company furt trader who established Fort Connah to revitalize trading in the Flathead region in 1847, after serving as chief trader of the Columbia district. Heavily footnoted by author, providing additional information and useful sources.
Index of Pacific Northwest Portraits. University of Washington Press; 1972.
Index of individuals prominent in Northwest regional history, followed by a listing of the books indexed to find the portraits. The listing of books is presented first alphabetically, and then regionally. Not annotated.
Atkin, W. T. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1934 Dec.
Article discusses the beginnings of reopening the Snake country with Donald McKenzie's expedition on behalf of the Northwest Company in 1816 to the full reopening of the territory in 1824 characterized by Hudson's Bay Company interest and American competition.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1934 Dec.
Discusses efforts of the North West Company to establish systematic trade in the Snake country under McKenzie in 1816, leading up to Hudson's Bay Company control of the region under Ogden in 1824.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1934 Dec.
Describes the reopening of the Snake country, from the Donald McKenzie expedition in 1816, on behalf of the North West Company, to the first Alexander Ross hunt on behlaf of the Hudson's Bay Company in 1824.
Bagley, Clarence B. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1917 Oct.
Collection of correspondence relevant to the role of regional Company traders and officials during the Yakima War. Introduced by the editor.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1915.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver. This portion of the fort log covers October 1833 to March 1834.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1915 Jul.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver. This portion of the fort log covers May to September 1833.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1916.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver. This portion of the fort log covers May to September 1834.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1916 Apr.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver. This portion of the fort log covers October 1834 to April 1835.
History of Oregon, Volume I: 1834-1848. The History Company; 1886.
Volume concentrates on the rising tide of westward migration into Oregon, but provides considerable coverage of the demise of Hudson's Bay Company control in the region and of the decline of Fort Vancouver. The volume is footnoted, but doees not contain an index or bibliography.
History of the Northwest Coast, Volume I: 1543-1800. A.L. Bancroft & Co.; 1884.
The volume is quite scattered, nominally limited by the date of 1800, but often extending into the mid-nineteenth century, as well as extending further inland in its geographical scope. The emphasis of the volume is the fur trade, primarily its early development, but also its early nineteenth century prime. Footnoted, but no index or bibliography.
History of the Northwest Coast, Volume II: 1800-1846. The History Company; 1886.
The volume is quite scattered, and extends further inland in its geographical scope. The emphasis of the volume is the fur trade, specifically its early nineteenth century prime. Footnoted and indexed, but no bibliography.
Barker, Burt Brown. Oregon Historical Society. 1949 Sep.
Reprints of the documents pertaining to the distribution of the estate of Dr. McLoughlin upon his death in 1857. The author gleaned the materials reproduced from the Probate Court of Clackamas County in Oregon City. Photostat reproductions of some of the documents are included among ones that have been reprinted.
The Financial Papers of Dr. John McLoughlin. Oregon Historical Society; 1949.
Combination reprinting of three articles from the Oregon Historical Quarterly: the first contains the papers of McLoughlin's estate held by the Probate Court of Clackamas County in Oregon City, the second contains the papers of his proprietary account with the North West Company (1811-1821), and the third contains his propritary account with the Hudson's Bay Company (1821-1868). Photostat reprodcutions of some of the papers are included at the end of the volume, which is footnoted but not indexed.
Letters of Dr. John McLoughlin. Binfords & Mort; 1948.
Collection of correspondence written from 1829-1832 by the patriarch of Fort Vancouver and overseer of the Columbia Department for the Hudson's Bay Company. This is a reprinting of an original correspondence book kept at Fort Vancouver, and then lost for quite some time. The volume contains an introduction by the editor and is indexed.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1944 Mar.
Reprinting of the financial records of the income of Dr. John McLoughlin, paid by the Hudson's Bay Company, from 1822 to a decade after his death in 1857. The leadger materials reprinted are introduced and footnoted by the editor, who gleaned the materials from the archives of the Hudson's Bay Company.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1944 Sep.
Reprinting of the income ledger of Dr. John McLoughlin, who before his employment with the Hudson's Bay Company, was associated with the North West Company from 1803 until its dissolution in 1821, actually serving as a partner in the concern from 1814. The ledger is introduced and footnoted by the author, and covers the period of 1811-1821 (only because earlier records could not be found. This copy was made directly from the original ledger book in the Hudson's Bay Company Archives.
Barragy, Terrence J. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1975 Sep.
Discusses the role of Massachusetts citizens in American attempts to gain control of the Pacific Northwest during this period, Nathaniel Wyeth, founder of Fort Hall, among them. The article is illustrated and contains extensive endnoting.
Barry, J. Neilson. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1933 Jul.
Excerpt of the author's full-length treatise on this subject, "Astorian Biographies." The article recounts the lives of seven original Astorians who staye on in the Oregon country to become settlers: Canning, Carson, Coxe, Dorion, Dubriel, and Gervals. Part one of two.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1933 Oct.
Excerpt of the author's full-length treatise on this subject, "Astorian Biographies." The article recounts the lives of seven original Astorians who staye on in the Oregon country to become settlers: Jack, Bonte, Laframboise, Lucier, McKay, Payette, and Ramsay. Part two of two.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1945 Jun.
Description of each fort by founding date, location, physical structure, and purpose from 1789-1843. Most forts listed were associated with the fur trade, and the author lists references for further research on each one.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1933 Mar.
Brief chronology clearing up issues of historical debate concerning the location of the fort established by Astorian John Reed in the Snake country, later used by McKenzie, and then by the Hudson's Bay Company to establish Fort Boise.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1941 Sep.
Brief article answers the historical uncertainty as to the precise location, due to conflicting reports, of the Astorian settlement Wallace Fort. The author relies on printed collections of primary source material, as well as original documents from the collections of the Missouri Historical Society.
Barry, Neilson J. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1913 Sep.
Reprinting of the journal of Smith, who formed the Rocky Mountain Fur Company with Sublette and Jackson in 1822, during a trip out from St. Louis and back during the waning of the fur trade. Highly relevant to the contemporary state of the fur trade in the far eastern portion of the Columbia River basin.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1932 Dec.
Reprinting of the portions of Corney's journal, first mate on the ship Columbia of the North West Company, describing his numerous visits to Fort George during this period. Introduced and footnoted by the editor.
Beaver, Herbert. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1938 Mar.
Reprinting of an 1841 letter written by missionary Beaver, to the editor of the Church of England Protestant Magazine, denouncing the Catholic missions and explaining the hopelessness of his mission to the Fort Vancouver area Indians. Edited with foonotes by R.C. Clark.
Opening a Highway to the Pacific, 1838-1846. Longmans; 1921.
The volume concentrates on the initial wave of migration to the Oregon country, but enters into significant discussion of the fur trade and begins the volume with a background of the fur trade era in the Oregon country. The volume is footnoted and indexed, and contains a bibliography and large fold-out map.
A Majority of Scoundrels: An Informal History of the Rocky Mountain Fur Company. Harper ; 1961.
History of the American fur trade company of Ashley, Smith, Jackson & Sublette, and their men, from 1822-34, during which they spent significant time in Snake country. Useful synopsis of volume included.
Betts, William J. The Beaver. 1971 Spring.
Discusses the British migration from the Hudson's Bay Company Red River settlement to the region of the Oregon country just above the Columbia River that occurred in 1841. The migration was intended to support Company land claims and to assist in their growing agricultural interests that coexisted with fur trade operations. The article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
---. The Beaver. 1965 Summer.
Recounts the story of Dr. William Fraser Tolmie's trek to Mount Rainier from Hudson's Bay Company post Fort Nisqually, where he had been sent briefly in 1833 after arriving at his regular post at Fort Vancouver on the Columbia in 1833. The article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
Biedleman, Richard G. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1957 Sep.
Article recounts the establishment of Fort Hall, the first American trading outpost to challenge the Hudson's Bay Company in Snake country, in 1834 by Wyeth. The author relies substantially on Wyeth's journal and correspondence, as well as the Fort Hall ledgers available in the manuscript collection of the Oregon Historical Society.
Peter Skene Ogden: Fur Trader. Binfords & Mort; 1967.
Biography of the fur trader who successfully penetrated Snake country on behalf of the Hudson's Bay Company in the 1820s. Quotes liberally from Ogden's own journals.
Old Fort Boisie. Old Fort Boise Historical Society; 1971.
Recounts the history of what was originally Snake Fort, founded by McKenzie in 1817, to its transformation under the Hudson's Bay Company into Fort Boise and concluding with its abandonment. The volume includes a map, but does not include a bibliography or index (although it is footnoted.
Bird, Laurie Ann. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1939 Mar.
Brief biography of McKay, son of an original Astorian, who stayed on and later ventured into Snake country as a Hudson's Bay Company employee, building Snake Fort (later known as Fort Boise) in 1835. The author quotes extensively from primary sources.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1939 Mar.
Description of the details surrounding the making and administering of the will of McKay, fur trader who built Snake Fort, who died in 1849. A photograph of the will itself is included in the article.
Boyd, Robert T. Ethnohistory. 1975 Spring.
Discusses the effects of a wave of malaria on the Indian tribes of the lower Columbia and Willamette Valleys during the 1830s, surrounding Fort Vancouver and effecting the regional activity of the Hudson's Bay Company. The article is conveniently broken into sections, contains a bibliography, and is endnoted.
The Last Voyage of the Tonquin. Escart Press; 1992.
Recounts the disastrous voyage of the Tonquin, purchased by Astor for use in establishing a fur trading colony under the auspices of the Pacific Fur Company in what would become Astoria, Oregon. The volume includes a bibliography and is illustrated and indexed.
Bromberg, Erik. Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 1949 Jul.
The author has attempted to compile a bibliography of all theses and dissertations within the fields of the social sciences that have been written at universities in the Pacific Northwest and pertain directly to the region itself in their subject matter. The bibliography is organized by academic field.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1958 Mar.
The author has attempted to update his 1949 (Pacific Northwest Quarterly) bibliography of all theses and dissertations within the fields of the social sciences that pertain directly to the region of the Pacific Northwest in their subject matter. The bibliography is organized by academic field and includes an index.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1964 Dec.
The author has attempted to update his 1949 (Pacific Northwest Quarterly) bibliography of all theses and dissertations within the fields of the social sciences that pertain directly to the region of the Pacific Northwest in their subject matter. The bibliography is organized by academic field and includes an index.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1971 Sep.
Bibliography concentrates on the social sciences, dividing into sections to cover each discipline separately. The article is a supplement to the bibliography first published by Bromberg in the July 1949 issue of Pacific Northwest Quarterly. Each source is fully cited, including location, but there is no annotation. The bibliography is indexed.
---. Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 1951 Apr.
The author has attempted to compile a bibliography of all theses and dissertations within the fields of the social sciences that have been written at universities outside of the Pacific Northwest, but pertain directly to the region itself in their subject matter. The bibliography is organized by academic field.
Fort Hall on the Oregon Trail. The Caxton Printers; 1932.
The first half of the volume predates the mass migration over the Oregon Trail, dealing with the fur trade days of the Fort, which was founded by American Nathaniel Wyeth on the Snake River in 1834 in order to compete with the Hudson's Bay Company. The volume is indexed and endnoted, and well illustrated.
Brown, Jennifer. THe Beaver. 1977 Winter.
Describes the problems encountered by British fur traders of the Hudson's Bay Company in sending their children to be educated and trained to launch careers and perhaps take part in civilized society. Article focuses on 1820s to 50s, quotes from primary sources (although not footnoted) and includes illustrations.
---. THe Beaver. 1978 Spring.
Part two of an article describing the problems encountered by British fur traders of the Hudson's Bay Company in sending their children to be educated and trained to launch careers, and perhaps take part in civilized society. Article focuses on 1820s to 50s, quotes from primary sources (although not footnoted) and includes illustrations.
Brown, Jennifer S. H. The Beaver. 1988 Feb-1988 Mar 31.
Article describes the background of the prominent role of Scots in the Hudson's Bay Company operations in North America, covering the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Emphasis on the nineteenth century, illustrated but not footnoted.
The Fur Trade Revisited: Selected Papers of the Sixth North American Fur Trade Conference, Mackinas Island, Michigan, 1991. Michigan State University Press; 1994.
Useful more as a guide to the recent historiographical trends in the study of the fur trade than for specific geographic relevance to the Columbia River basin. Contains a useful bibliography.
Brown, Judge William C. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1914 Mar.
Chronology of the fort established on the Okanogan River by Astor's Pacific Fur Company in 1811, passing from their control to the Northwest Company in 1813, and then to the Hudson's Bay Company in 1821. Delivered as an address before the members of the Oregon Historical Society.
Bryant, E. M. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1960 Dec.
Extracts from the log of the Modeste, the last British naval vessel stationed in the Northwest, and relevant correspondence pertaining to the Hudson's Bay Company and the protection of its interests. The documentation was gathered from the collection of the British Public Record Office by the editor, at the request of the Oregon Historical Society.
The Remarkable History of the Hudson's Bay Company. Burt Franklin; 1968.
Second edition of the 1904 original that covers the history of the Company up to contemporary times. No index or footnotes.
Butler, Leonard. The Beaver. 1951 Jun.
Describes the fourteen animals most commonly hunted by fur trapper. Useful to obtain an idea of the appearance and habits of animals discussed in primary source material. Each animal is given its own brief section of text and an illustration.
To the Sundown Side: The Mountain Man in Idaho. The University Press of Idaho; 1979.
Although in novel format, this volume provides a vivid picture of the fur trade in Idaho in the 1820s and is based on a significant amouunt of historical research. The volume provides quite a good chronology of the Pacific Northwest fur trade, and includes several useful maps.
Cameron, Alan. The Beaver. 1970 Summer.
Discusses the various vessels used by the Hudson's Bay Company in the North American fur trade from the sevententh to the twentieth century, giving considerable attention to ships used on the Pacific Northwest coast and the Columbia River. Article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
Campbell, Marjorie Wilkins. The Beaver. 1954 Sep.
Discusses the important role of Native American women in founding the fur trade society of late eighteenth to early nineteenth century western Canada. Article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
The North West Company. Macmillan; 1957.
A history of the Company from approximately 1780-1821, divided into two sections, with the first describing the period under the control of Simon McTavish and the second under William McGillivray.
Cannon, Miles. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1916 Jul.
Article concentrates on the founding of Fort Hall on the Snake in 1834 under the lead of Nathaniel Wyeth, and on its activities during the remainder of the 1830s. Makes extensive use of Wyeth's journal and personal correspondence.
Carey, Charles H. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1935 Sep.
Article reprinted from the London news journal "The Topic," from an 1846 issue, explaining the contemporary British perception of national interest in the political fate of the Oregon territory, with particular emphasis on the importance of Hudson's Bay Company holdings and of control of the Columbia River. Article introduced by the editor.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1932 Sep.
Article describes the role of Reverend Jason Lee in promoting the scheme of Reverend Alvin Waller, a Methodist missionary, to obtain control of a land claim at Oregon City made by John McLoughlin of the Hudson's Bay Company at Fort Vancouver. Quotes liberally from primary source material.
Caywood, Louis R. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1948 Jun.
Description of the process and findings of the archeological excavation of the fort begun in 1947, which allowed the correct location of the fort to be plotted but left little in the way of material evidence concerning construction. Articles found during the dig, furthering an understanding of life at the fort, are described in the article (pictures are also included).
Archeological Excavations at Fort Spokane. Department of the Interior, National Park Service; 1954.
Volume desribes the excavation process and results of Hudson's Bay Company trading post Fort Spokane, including separate sections on each annual dig, 1951-53. The volume includes a bibliography, and is illustrated and noted, but not indexed.
---. The Beaver. 1948 Mar.
Description of the process and results of the excavation of Fort Vancouver, useful to help researchers determine the precise plan and physical dimensions of the fort. The article includes a brief history of the fort, and is illustrated, but not footnoted.
Caywood. Louis R. The Beaver. 1956 Winter.
Brief description of the process and results of the excavation of Spokane House, founded by Finan McDonald of the North West Company in 1810. The article describes the various findings relating to the three different forts that have stood on that approximate site. The article is ilustrated.
Chapin, Jane Lewis. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1936 Dec.
Collection of correspondence focusing on the relationship of Dr. McLoughlin, patriarch of Fort Vancouver, to his uncle (Dr. Simon Fraser) and his son (John, Jr.) from 1806-1830. Introduced by the author, who drew the correspondence from the collection of McLoughlin House.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1935 Dec.
Collection of correspondence that predates all but the first several of McLoughlin's many years at Fort Vancouver, fleshing out his character in its formative years more than revealing details concerning the fur trade. Introduced and footnoted by the editor.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1936 Mar.
Collection of correspondence relevant to, but not all penned by, Dr. John McLoughlin of Fort Vancouover, describing the relationship between the McLoughlins and the Frasers, and that of Dr. McLoughlin and his children. Introduced by the author, who presents the correspondence from the collection of McLoughlin House.
David Thompson Sesquicentennial Symposium. Bonner County Museum; 1960.
Collection of papers read at the symposium held to mark the 150th anniversary of the first trading post in Idaho, Kullyspell House, founded by Thompson in 1809. The volume includes a bibliography, but is not indexed.
The American Fur Trade of the Far West. Augustus M. Kelley; 1976.
Reprint of the substantial 1902, two volume, survey of far western fur trade history from the early to mid-nineteenth century. Scattered organization does not follow standard chronological format, contains much unusual information. Volume has useful appendices.
Clark, Donald H. The Beaver. 1954 Sep.
Describes the important role of cannon in the defense of Pacific Northwest fur trading posts against hostile Native American tribes. Fort Vancouver and Fort Walla Walla (Nez Perces) feature prominently in the article. The article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
---. The Beaver. 1950 Jun.
Brief history of the first sawmill in the Pacific Northwest, established by the Hudson's Bay Company just outside Fort Vancouver on the Columbia River. Article focuses on the potential transferance of Company interests in the Oregon country from furs to timber, had they been allowed to remain longer. The article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
Clark, R. C. Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 1937 Oct.
Description of the chronology of the Chief Factors of the Hudson's Bay Company Columbia Department between the merger with the North West Company and McLoughlin's retirement from command of Fort Vancouver. Includes chronological listing following a brief descriptive essay.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1938 Mar.
Biographical sketch of the Fort Vancouver chaplain, also chaplain for the entire Hudson's Bay Company Columbia Department, personaly selected by Governor George Simpson, who remaineed at the fort from 1836-1838 before despairing of his task.
Clark, Robert C. Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 1938 Jan.
Description of Columbia Department records held in the London archives of the Company. Illuminates the method of organization and contains a brief description of the contents relevant to the Columbia River region. Paper read at meeting of the Pacific Coast Branch of the American Historical Association in Seattle, 1937.
Oregon Historical Society Manuscript Collections. Del Brumble; 1971.
Oversized volume reproducing alphabetically the card catalogue of the manuscript collection, 32 cards to a page. All cards contain physical descriptions, but only some are annotated, describing content.
Supplement to the Guide to the Manuscript Collections of the Oregon Historical Society. Del Brumble; 1973.
Supplement to the definitive guide published in 1971, completing the listing of the manuscript collection. The supplement reproduces one card of the manuscript card catalogue per page, on the top half of the page, using the bottom half to refer reserchers to other relevant headings. All cards contain physical descriptions, but only some have been annotated with descriptions of content.
Cleveland, Alfred A. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1903 Jun.
Brief survey of the community founded by Astor in 1811, transformed by the British into Fort George and ruled over by the Hudson's Bay Company's John McLoughlin, and subsequently diversified into a small city in acontemporary account.
Peter Skene Ogden and the Hudson's Bay Company. University of Oklahoma Press; 1974.
Volume covers the career of Ogden, who from 1824-30 pressed Company interests in the Snake country. The volume is well noted and indexed, and includes a lengthy bibliography and useful maps of the Snake expeditions.
Cole, Jean Murray. The Beaver. 1972 Summer.
Recounts Archibald McDonalds years (1835-44) in charge of Hudson's Bay Company post Fort Colvile, on the Columbia River, emphasizing his role in increasing the Company's trading and agricultural interests in the Kettle Falls region, replacing Company activity at Spokane. The article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
Exile in the Wilderness: The Biography of Chief Factor Archibald McDonald, 1790-1853. University of Washington Press; 1979.
Biography of an eminent Chief Factor for the Hudson's Bay Company, who also spent time earlier as accountant at Fort George (Astoria) just after the Company merged with the North West Company.
Economic Beginnings of the Far West. The Macmillan Company; 1912.
Divided into five parts, the second deals exclusively with the fur trade of the far West, including sections on Astoria and Fort Vancouver. An early attempt at establishing an economic history of the region. The volume is well noted and contains a lengthy bibliography, but is not indexed.
Cotter, H. M. S. The Beaver. 1941 Sep.
Article defining terms used in the fur trade, often descending from Native American, Scottish, or French usage. This glossary could be useful in deciphering some of the obscure terms in primary source material. It is organized aphabetically.
Craig, Joan. The Beaver. 1970 Autumn.
Describes the evolution of Hudson's Bay Company record keeping, the locations of various sets of records, and current archival techniques being used to preserve the heritage of Company manuscripts. The article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
Cree, Muriel R. The Beaver. 1934 Sep.
Brief biography of the career of James Douglas, who served for a time as Dr. McLoughlin's assistant at Fort Vancouver, where he rose to prominence in the Hudson's Bay Company and was subsequently sent to establish the post on Vancouver Island. Article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
A Preliminary Bibliography on the American Fur Trade. Department of the Interior, National Park Service; 1939.
The bibliography is divided into sections by region, including sections dealing with the Rockies, Pacific Coast, and western Canada. The bibliography concludes with a section listing works that are regionally broad in coverage. All works are fully cited, listed alphabetically by author within each section, but only some are briefly annotated.
The Ashley-Smith Explorations and the Discovery of a Central Route to the Pacific, 1822-1829. The Arthur H. Clark Co.; 1918.
Presentation of the narratives of these two American fur traders that pioneered trapping expansion into the far West to compete with the British. Each narrative is introduced with a biography by the editor, and the volume begins with a section of general historical background. The volume is footnoted and indexed, and includes a bibliography.
Peter Skene Ogden's Snake Country Journal, 1826-27. Hudson's Bay Record Society; 1961.
Portion of the journal kept by the leader of Hudson's Bay Company activity in Snake country. Also contains A.R. McLeod's journals of his command of hunting expeditions south of the Columbia and of the Umpqua during that same time. Lengthy introduction by Dorothy O. Johasen.
Deringer, Ludwig. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1989 Fall.
Assesses the state of scholarship on the Pacific Northwest, focusing on interpretation of older writings (including a substantial look at fur trade journals) and includes an extensive research bibliography.
Northwest Pasage: The Great Columbia River. Simon & Schuster; 1995.
The volume covers two centuries of the white man on the Columbia, as well as Native American life on the river, but despite its scope includes significant coverage of the fur trade. The volume includes a Columbia River chronology and a lengthy bibliography.
Siskiyou Trail. McGraw-Hill; 1975.
Douglas, George M. The Beaver. 1954 Sep.
Presentation of the account written by Captain Edward Beecher of his voyage from the mouth of the Columbia to Fort Vancouver in 1839. The account provides a useful contemporary description of the fort. The article is illustrated.
Douglas, Jesse S. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1939 Jun.
Letter written by John Langdon Sullivan, engineer on the Board of Engineers for Internal Improvements, written in 1824 to the Secretary of War, expressing the importance of militarily protecting American fur trade interests along the Columbia River. He employs the experiences of William Wallace Mathews, an employee of Astor's Pacific Fur Company and then briefly of the Northwest Company. The letter, which is kept in the National Archives along with the papers of the Board, is introduced by the author.
Douthit, Nathan. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1992 Spring.
Discusses the early stages of the conflict between Indians and Europeans in southwestern Oregon in the 1820s, focusing on the role of the Hudson's Bay Company in the conflict.
The Pacific Northwest: An Index to People and Places in Books. The Scarecrow Press, Inc.; 1979.
Place and name index compiled by the auhtor from 320 important works about the history of the Pacific Northwest. The list of sources indexed begins the volume, followed by the index itself. A useful introduction on how to use the volume is included. No annotation.
Drumm, Stella M. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1923 Dec.
Description of the personalities and careers of four prominent original Astorians, employees of the Pacific Fur Company: Russel Farnham, Robert McClellan, John Day, and Benjamin Jones.
Drury, Dr. Clifford Merrill. Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 1942 Jan.
Seven excerpts of correspondence relevant to Dr. Marcus Whitman, transcribed from originals in the Forts Vancouver and Nez Perces collections in the Hudson's Bay Company London archives. McLoughlin, Simpson, and Ogden feature prominently in the selections.
Dunlop, George A. and Wilson C. P. The Beaver. 1941 Dec.
Brief biography of the Hudson's Bay Company fur trader who helped establish Fort Langley in 1826 before taking charge of Fort Nez Perces on the Columbia River for several years in the early 1830s. The article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
The Oregon Territory and the British North-American Fur Trade. Edwards & Hughes; 1846.
Contemporary account of Hudson's Bay Company fur trade in the Oregon country written by an employee stationed for eight years at Forts Vancouver and George on the Columbia River. Significant discussion of relevant Native American tribes is included in the volume. The volume is not indexed.
Dye, Eva Emery. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1911 Sep.
Brief article extolling the virtues of the son of Archibald MacDonald, Ranald McDonald, who was raised at the trading post of Astoria. Written not that long after his death, and primarily of historiographical interest for that reason.
---. Washington Historical Qaurterly. 1907 Jul.
First installment of three, presenting a collection of correspondence written by prominent Company officials in the Pacific Northwest and primarily addressed to John McLeod and Edward Ermatinger. Obtained from the collections of the Canadian Archives.
---. Washington Historical Qaurterly. 1908 Jan.
Second installment of three, presenting a collection of correspondence written by prominent Company officials in the Pacific Northwest and primarily addressed to John McLeod and Edward Ermatinger. Obtained from the collections of the Canadian Archives.
---. Washington Historical Qaurterly. 1908 Apr.
Third installment of three, presenting a collection of correspondence written by prominent Company officials in the Pacific Northwest and primarily addressed to John McLeod and Edward Ermatinger. Obtained from the collections of the Canadian Archives.
Eaton, W. Clement. Pacific Historical Review. 1935.
Recounts Nathaniel Wyeth's (founder of Fort Hall) trapping expedition in the oRegon country in 1834, furthering the position of American trappers in the region. The article is well footnoted.
Eliott, T. C. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1908 Jun.
Brief biography of the fur trader who began his career with the American Smith, Jackson and Sublette Company in 1829 and participated in the push northwestward into Hudson's Bay Company territory, retiring in 1842 on land in the Willamette Valley.
Elliott, T. C. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1931 Mar.
Reprinting of the document prepared by Chief Factors Ogden and Douglas of the Hudson's Bay Company, at the request of Governor Simpson, citing all the claims and properties of the Company in what was now officially U.S. territory. The document is introduced by the editor and includes some relevant correspondance.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1920 Jun.
Description of the contribution made by fur trader David Thompson to early efforts of exploring and mapping the Columbia River basin in the wake of the Lewis & Clark expedition. Thompson was trapping on the Columbia as early as 1807, and this article is ueseful for understanding the pre-Hudson's Bay Company era of trading in this region.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1911 Sep.
Article notes the events of fur trader David Thompson's 1811 journeys on the Columbia River and its tributaries. Celebrates the 100th anniversary of his exploration.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1920 Apr.
First of two excerpts of Thompson's journal kept during his 1809 travels in Idaho as pathfinder for the North West Company, a post he held from 1807-12. The journal is introduced by the editor.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1920 Jul.
Second of two excerpts of Thompson's journal kept during his 1809 travels in Idaho as pathfinder for the North West Company, a post he held from 1807-12. The journal is introduced by the editor.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1917 Jul.
Presentation of Thompson's journal kept during his five visits during 1811-1812 to North West Company trading post Fort Spokane, while serving as astronomer and geographer for the Company. The excerpt covers June 1811, and is footnoted and briefly introduced by the editor.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1917 Oct.
Presentation of Thompson's journal kept during his five visits during 1811-1812 to North West Company trading post Fort Spokane, while serving as astronomer and geographer for the Company. The excerpt covers August 1811, and is briefly introduced by the editor.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1918 Jan.
Presentation of Thompson's journal kept during his five visits during 1811-1812 to North West Company trading post Fort Spokane, while serving as astronomer and geographer for the Company. The excerpt covers June to August 1811, and is footnoted and briefly introduced by the editor.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1918 Apr.
Presentation of Thompson's journal kept during his five visits during 1811-1812 to North West Company trading post Fort Spokane, while serving as astronomer and geographer for the Company. The excerpt covers October to November 1811, and is footnoted and briefly introduced by the editor.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1918 Jul.
Presentation of Thompson's journal kept during his five visits during 1811-1812 to North West Company trading post Fort Spokane, while serving as astronomer and geographer for the Company. The excerpt covers November 1811, and is footnoted and briefly introduced by the editor.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1918 Oct.
Presentation of Thompson's journal kept during his five visits during 1811-1812 to North West Company trading post Fort Spokane, while serving as astronomer and geographer for the Company. The excerpt covers March 1812, and is footnoted and briefly introduced by the editor.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1919 Jan.
Presentation of Thompson's journal kept during his five visits during 1811-1812 to North West Company trading post Fort Spokane, while serving as astronomer and geographer for the Company. The excerpt covers March 1812, and is footnoted and briefly introduced by the editor.
---. Washington Historical Qaurterly. 1932 Jan.
Presentation of Thompson's journal kept during his ten day exploration of the Pend Oreille River after founding Kullyspell House on Pend Oreille Lake, Idaho, on behalf of the North West Company in September 1809. Thompson made two more journeys on the river in April 1810 and and June 1811. This excerpt, first of three, presents the journal of his first journey. The journal is introduced by the editor.
---. Washington Historical Qaurterly. 1932 Apr.
Presentation of Thompson's journal kept during his ten day exploration of the Pend Oreille River after founding Kullyspell House on Pend Oreille Lake, Idaho, on behalf of the North West Company in September 1809. Thompson made two more journeys on the river in April 1810 and and June 1811. This excerpt, second of three, presents the journal of his second journey. The journal is introduced by the editor.
---. Washington Historical Qaurterly. 1932 Jul.
Presentation of Thompson's journal kept during his ten day exploration of the Pend Oreille River after founding Kullyspell House on Pend Oreille Lake, Idaho, on behalf of the North West Company in September 1809. Thompson made two more journeys on the river in April 1810 and and June 1811. This excerpt, third of three, presents the journal of his third journey. The journal is introduced by the editor.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1927 Jul.
Brief synopsis of the career of a Rocky Mountian Fur Company trader (1828-1839), the American outfit which challenged the Hudson's Bay Company's dominance of the far West in the 1830s. The article is written in the format of a speech, rather than a research paper.
---. Washington Histrorical Quarterly. 1908 Oct.
Brief description of both McLoughlin, and the Fort Vancouver he ruled on behalf of the Hudson's Bay Company, through the eyes of contemporary guests. The author quotes heavily from primary source material. Paper read before the Washington Library Association in 1908.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1937 Sep.
Reprinting of a letter penned by layman W.H. Gray, describing the route travelled by his party to the Columbia from the 1836 fur trade rendezvous in western Wyoming, with Hudson's Bay Company traders John McLeod and Thomas McKay leading. In his introduction, the author notes that this route, well worn by fur trappers, formed the basis for the Oregon Trail.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1914 Dec.
The paper provides a short summary of the limited trading activity in the region during the two decades prior to the founding of Fort Astoria. Presented at the 1914 meeting of the Pacific Coast branch of the American Historical Association.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1909 Sep.
Description and interpretation of an 1840 marriage certificate from Fort Vancouver bearing the signitures of John McLoughlin and Archibald MacDonald. Of significant interest to students of the social history of the Hudson's Bay Comapny Columbia Department fur trade.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1926 Sep.
Brief history of the fur trade on the Kootenai River, first charted by David Thompson in 1807, soon after which he established a trading fort. Article concentrates on Northwest Company control of the area, concluding briefly with later Hudson's Bay Company activity.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1935 Jun.
Discusses the issue of the medical education of McLoughlin and any medical practice engaged in before becoming a part of fur trade society. Author draws upon documentation from the Canadian Archives to ascertain McLoughlin's accredidation, and relies largely upon secondary sources to piece together the evidence of his practice.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1913 Dec.
Presentation of the journal kept by Ross during his first expedition in charge of trapping operation for the Hudson's Bay Company in the Snake country. The excerpt covers from February 1824 to March 1825, concluding with his stay at Flathead Post. The journal is footnoted and briefly introduced by the editor.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1912 Dec.
Presentation of Work's journal kept during his first Snake country expedition on behalf of the Hudson's Bay Company after taking over that region's trapping operations from Peter Skene Ogden in 1830. The excerpt covers from August 1830 to March 1831. The journal is footnoted and briefly introduced by the editor.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1914 Oct.
Journal of Work, a Hudson's Bay Company trader, during his Winter tenure as head of Flathead Fort, and including his subsequent travel to Fort Spokane to assist in its dismantling, before heading to Fort Vancouver for the early Summer. Introduced by the editor. Fourth installment of the first full publication of this journal.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1915 Jan.
Journal of Work, a Hudson's Bay Company trader, during a brief stay at Fort Vancouver followed by a journey to Fort Colville. Introduced by the editor. Fifth installment of the first full publication of this journal.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1914 Apr.
Journal of Work, fur trader for the Hudson's Bay Company, during travels through Washington, northern Idaho, and Montana. Introduced by the editor. Second installment of the first full publication of this journal.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1912 Jul.
Journal of Work, a clerk, while on the Hudson's Bay Company expedition to survey a possible outlet to the coast by way of the Fraser River, and to thoroughly explore that part of the interior, setting off from Fort George. Introduced by the editor. First installment of the first full publication of this journal.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1913 Sep.
Presentation of Work's journal kept during his first Snake country expedition on behalf of the Hudson's Bay Company after taking over that region's trapping operations from Peter Skene Ogden in 1830. The excerpt covers from April to July 1831. The journal is footnoted and briefly introduced by the editor.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1914 Jul.
Journal of Work during his tenure as head of the Hudson's Bay Company trading post Fort Spokane in eastern Washington, until his departure to Flathead Fort at the Clark Fork of the Columbia River. Introduced by the editor. Third installment of the first full publication of this journal.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1927 Sep.
Journal of the period during which the trading ship Ruby was anchored in the Cape of Disappointment of the Columbia River in 1795. The editor compiled the journal from the daily memorandum of Captain Charles Bishop.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1942 Mar.
Reproduction of a letter written by Hudson's Bay Company employee Donald McKenzie at Fort Nez Perces in 1821 to Wilson Price Hunt, who had been the leader of the Astorian overland expedition, in which McKenzie had also participated, a decade earlier. Introduced by the author, donated the letter to the collections of the Oregon Historical Society.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1935 Dec.
Biography of the woman first married to Alexander McKay, a partner in Astor's Pacific Fur Company, and then wife to John McLoughlin, patriarch of Fort Vancouver and head of the Hudson's Bay Company's Columbia Department. Author quotes extensively from relevant marriage and death certification documents.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1919 Dec.
Reprinting of correspondence between Hudson's Bay Company officials and members of the British Cabinet during 1825-26 concerning territorial disputes with the United States and the implication for the fur trade in that region. Introduced by the editor of the correspondence.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1919 Dec.
Reprinting of correspondence between Hudson's Bay Company officials and members of the British Cabinet during 1825-26 concerning territorial disputes with the United States and the implication for the fur trade in that region. Introduced by the editor of the correspondence.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1910 Sep.
Biography of the fur trader who took charge of the Snake country for the Hudson's Bay Company upon his appointment as a Chief Trader in 1824. Author draws liberally from contemporary journal sources, such as Ogden's own and those of Alexander Ross and John Work. Author also edited Ogden's journal for serialization in the Quarterly.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1909 Dec.
Presentation of Ogden's journal written during his second Snake country expedition in 1825-26, after he replaced Alexander Ross as head of Hudson's Bay Company trapping activity in that region in 1824. The journal is introduced by the editor with a brief biography, and is lightly footnoted.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1910 Jun.
Presentation of Ogden's journal written during his third Snake country expedition in 1826-27, after he replaced Alexander Ross as head of Hudson's Bay Company trapping activity in that region in 1824. The journal is introduced by the editor, and is lightly footnoted.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1910 Dec.
Presentation of Ogden's journal written during his fourth Snake country expedition in 1827-28, after he replaced Alexander Ross as head of Hudson's Bay Company trapping activity in that region in 1824. The journal is introduced by the editor, and is lightly footnoted.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1910 Dec.
Presentation of Ogden's journal written during his fifth Snake country expedition in 1828-29, after he replaced Alexander Ross as head of Hudson's Bay Company trapping activity in that region in 1824. The journal is lightly footnoted by the editor.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1932 Mar.
Reprinting of the documentation of the official proceedings of the sale of Astoria by the Pacific Fur Company to the North West Company. Introduced by the editor. The original is in the William Price Hunt Collection at the Missouri Historical Society.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1930 Jan.
Brief history of the founding of the fur trade post, established by David Thompson of the North West Company in 1810, that grew into the modern city of Spokane.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1939 Jun.
The author discusses whether or not, in the wake of the Lewis & Clark expedition, the U.S. government sought to regulate and possibly restrain trad between Indians and foreign traders. The author uses the case of Canadian trader David Thompson, employee of the North West Company trading at the souurce of the Columbia, and U.S. Army Lieutenant Jeremy Pinch, to exemplify his arguments. Thompson's meticulous journal provides a valuable resource.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1918 Dec.
Brief description of the strange saga of the Astorian visit of John Prevost, an American naval officer, during which he claimed all lands south of the Columbia River for the United States in 1818, and on this basis, the Hudson's Bay Company was persuaded to move Fort George to the north bank of the Columbia in 1821. The story is followed by a reprinting of the letter in which Prevost informed the Secretary of State of his actions and of the nature of the territory.
Ermatinger, C. O. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1914 Jul.
Article provides a brief narrative of Company dominance of the fur trade in the Columbia River basin from 1813 to 1846.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1914 Jun.
Letter written by John McLoughlin of Fort Vancouver, describing the murder of his son in Russian fur trade territory to the north. Letter introduced by Ermatinger, son of a Hudson's Bay Company employee who found the letter among his father's papers.
Farrar, Victor J. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1919 Jul.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver, which became an agricultural establishment in 1838 to supply the needs of the Columbia Department traders. The entries reproduced in this series cover the crucial period during which the Company's claims in what had become officially U.S. territory in 1846 were eroded by waves of settlers. This portion of the fort log covers from March to September 1849.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1920 Jan.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver, which became an agricultural establishment in 1838 to supply the needs of the Columbia Department traders. The entries reproduced in this series cover the crucial period during which the Company's claims in what had become officially U.S. territory in 1846 were eroded by waves of settlers. This portion of the fort log covers from September to November 1849.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1920 Apr.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver, which became an agricultural establishment in 1838 to supply the needs of the Columbia Department traders. The entries reproduced in this series cover the crucial period during which the Company's claims in what had become officially U.S. territory in 1846 were eroded by waves of settlers. This portion of the fort log covers from November 1849 to April 1850.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1920 Jul.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver, which became an agricultural establishment in 1838 to supply the needs of the Columbia Department traders. The entries reproduced in this series cover the crucial period during which the Company's claims in what had become officially U.S. territory in 1846 were eroded by waves of settlers. This portion of the fort log covers from April to June 1850.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1920 Oct.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver, which became an agricultural establishment in 1838 to supply the needs of the Columbia Department traders. The entries reproduced in this series cover the crucial period during which the Company's claims in what had become officially U.S. territory in 1846 were eroded by waves of settlers. This portion of the fort log covers from July to August 1850.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1921 Jan.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver, which became an agricultural establishment in 1838 to supply the needs of the Columbia Department traders. The entries reproduced in this series cover the crucial period during which the Company's claims in what had become officially U.S. territory in 1846 were eroded by waves of settlers. This portion of the fort log covers September 1850.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1921 Apr.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver, which became an agricultural establishment in 1838 to supply the needs of the Columbia Department traders. The entries reproduced in this series cover the crucial period during which the Company's claims in what had become officially U.S. territory in 1846 were eroded by waves of settlers. This portion of the fort log covers September to November 1850.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1921 Jul.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver, which became an agricultural establishment in 1838 to supply the needs of the Columbia Department traders. The entries reproduced in this series cover the crucial period during which the Company's claims in what had become officially U.S. territory in 1846 were eroded by waves of settlers. This portion of the fort log covers December 1850 to January 1851.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1921 Oct.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver, which became an agricultural establishment in 1838 to supply the needs of the Columbia Department traders. The entries reproduced in this series cover the crucial period during which the Company's claims in what had become officially U.S. territory in 1846 were eroded by waves of settlers. This portion of the fort log covers February 1851.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1922 Jan.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver, which became an agricultural establishment in 1838 to supply the needs of the Columbia Department traders. The entries reproduced in this series cover the crucial period during which the Company's claims in what had become officially U.S. territory in 1846 were eroded by waves of settlers. This portion of the fort log covers March to April 1851.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1922 Apr.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver, which became an agricultural establishment in 1838 to supply the needs of the Columbia Department traders. The entries reproduced in this series cover the crucial period during which the Company's claims in what had become officially U.S. territory in 1846 were eroded by waves of settlers. This portion of the fort log covers May to June 1851.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1922 Jul.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver, which became an agricultural establishment in 1838 to supply the needs of the Columbia Department traders. The entries reproduced in this series cover the crucial period during which the Company's claims in what had become officially U.S. territory in 1846 were eroded by waves of settlers. This portion of the fort log covers July to September 1851.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1922 Oct.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver, which became an agricultural establishment in 1838 to supply the needs of the Columbia Department traders. The entries reproduced in this series cover the crucial period during which the Company's claims in what had become officially U.S. territory in 1846 were eroded by waves of settlers. This portion of the fort log covers September to November 1851.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1923 Apr.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver, which became an agricultural establishment in 1838 to supply the needs of the Columbia Department traders. The entries reproduced in this series cover the crucial period during which the Company's claims in what had become officially U.S. territory in 1846 were eroded by waves of settlers. This portion of the fort log covers November 1851.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1923 Jul.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver, which became an agricultural establishment in 1838 to supply the needs of the Columbia Department traders. The entries reproduced in this series cover the crucial period during which the Company's claims in what had become officially U.S. territory in 1846 were eroded by waves of settlers. This portion of the fort log covers December 1851 to January 1852.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1923 Oct.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver, which became an agricultural establishment in 1838 to supply the needs of the Columbia Department traders. The entries reproduced in this series cover the crucial period during which the Company's claims in what had become officially U.S. territory in 1846 were eroded by waves of settlers. This portion of the fort log covers February to March 1852.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1924 Jan.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver, which became an agricultural establishment in 1838 to supply the needs of the Columbia Department traders. The entries reproduced in this series cover the crucial period during which the Company's claims in what had become officially U.S. territory in 1846 were eroded by waves of settlers. This portion of the fort log covers March 1852.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1924 Apr.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver, which became an agricultural establishment in 1838 to supply the needs of the Columbia Department traders. The entries reproduced in this series cover the crucial period during which the Company's claims in what had become officially U.S. territory in 1846 were eroded by waves of settlers. This portion of the fort log covers April to July 1852.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1924 Jul.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver, which became an agricultural establishment in 1838 to supply the needs of the Columbia Department traders. The entries reproduced in this series cover the crucial period during which the Company's claims in what had become officially U.S. territory in 1846 were eroded by waves of settlers. This portion of the fort log covers August to October 1852.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1924 Oct.
Contemporary official record of events at Hudson's Bay Company Fort Nisqually on Puget Sound, the Company's way station between Fort Langley on the Fraser River and the Columbia Department headquarters at Fort Vancouver, which became an agricultural establishment in 1838 to supply the needs of the Columbia Department traders. The entries reproduced in this series cover the crucial period during which the Company's claims in what had become officially U.S. territory in 1846 were eroded by waves of settlers. This portion of the fort log covers November to December 1852.
Favrholdt, Ken. The Beaver. 1987 Aug-1987 Sep 30.
Brief history of the trading post, founded in 1811 by David Stuart of the Pacific Fur Company, on the Thompson River to serve as a branch of the main fort at Astoria. It later passed into the hands of the North West Company and then the Hudson's Bay Company until well into the twentieth century. Illustrated, but not footnoted.
Fleming, Freeda. The Beaver. 1949 Dec.
Brief history of the trading fort built by the Northwest Company in 1799, from which McGillivray made preliminary explorations in the western Rockies in 1801 and from which David Thompson made his 1807 journey that opened the upper Columbia to the fur trade. The article includes a two page reproduction of a contemporary drawing that maps the fort, but is not footnoted.
Royal Family of the Columbia: Dr. John McLoughlin and His Family. Binford & Mort; 1982.
Describes the life of Dr. McLoughlin on the Columbia and includes a chapter on each of his family members. Oversized, large print second edition. First edition published in 1978.
Franci D. Haines, Jr. Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 1956 Apr.
Brief biography of fur trader who became a North West Company employee when that enterprise bought out Astor, and subsequently became quite active with Ogden in the Snake country as a Hudson's Bay Company employee beginning in the mid-1820s before becoming master of Fort Boise in the late 1830s.
Fraser, William Tolmie and Barclay Forbes and Roberts George B. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1918 Dec.
Reprinting of the report written in 1840 by Fraser, barclay, and Roberts, employees of the Hudson's Bay Company, recommending the location and specifications for an agricultural company to be formed at the headwaters of the Cowlitz River in order to serve the Columbia Department employees.
Fuller, Frances Victor. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1902 Sep.
Extended contemporary review of Hiram M. Chittenden's massive history of the far western fur trade in the first half of the nineteenth century. Review is primarily of historiographical interest.
Galbraith, John S. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1954 Sep.
Explanation of the foundation of the Hudson's Bay Company's agricultural branch in its context as an attempt at self-sufficiency in the face of increasing American migration for agricultural purposes. The author cites almost entirely from primary sources.
---. THe Beaver. 1976 Spring.
Brief article inquiring into why Simpson has been so overlooked in standard histories of North America, and touches on problems Galbraith encountered in constructing a biography of him. No footnotes, several illustrations.
The Hudson's Bay Company as an Imperial Factor, 1821-1869. University of California Press; 1957.
Academic volume discussing the decline of the Hudson's Bay Company fur trade between its amalgamation with the North West Company in 1821 to the sale of its proprietary rights in Rupert's Land to Canada in 1869.
---. The Beaver. 1960 Winter.
Brief biography of Sir George Simpson, chief of North American operations for the Hudson's Bay Company for forty years (1820-60), who brought John McLoughlin to the Columbia River. The author has written a full length treatise of the same title on this subject. The article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
Gehri, Alfred L. The Beaver. 1934 Sep.
Brief article describing the rise and fall, and subsequent renovation, of the Hudson's Bay Company trading post on Puget Sound built in 1833. The article is illustrated, bu not footnoted.
The Early Far West: A Narrative Outline, 1540-1850. Longmans; 1931.
After a brief section of historical introduction, the main part of the volume deals with American penetration of the far West (with great emphasis on the fur trade) over the course of the first half of the nineteenth century. The volume is noted and indexed.
Ghent, W. J. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1939 Dec.
An attempt to sort out conflicting evidence as to the nature of the imposter U.S. Army liutenant Pinch, who sought to interfere with the fur trade business of North West Company employee David Thompson, who was trading with Indians at the source of the Columbia River. The author does not cite evidence, but rather drwas from conflicting reports published at various times in the Quarterly in order to reconcile them on this issue.
Gingras, Larry. The Beaver. 1968 Summer.
Discusses the use of coins and medals by the Hudson's Bay Company in North America, with the discusion of the methods by which the Company filled the need for acceptable currency within the fur trade and its posts being of particular note. The article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
Gough, Barry M. The Beaver. 1973 Autumn.
Discusses the transferral of power in Astoria from American (Pacific Fur Company) to British (North West Company). Although the post was sold by the Astorians, it was under threat of naval force, the story of which is the emphasis of the article. The article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
Rocky Mountain Rendezvous. Brigham Young University Press; 1978.
History of the rendezvous system of fur trading that flourished in the Rocky Mountains from 1825-40. The author dedicates a chapter to each annual rendezvous during this period, chronologically ordered. The volume is noted and contains a bibliography, but is not indexed.
Gower, R. H. G. Leveson. The Beaver. 1934 Jun.
Brief article describing the arrangement of the minute books contained in the archives of the Company in London. The article was written by the Archivist of the Company, and contains useful illustrations.
---. The Beaver. 1934 Dec.
Brief article describing the arrangement of the correspondence books contained in the archives of the Company in London. The article was written by the Archivist of the Company, and contains useful illustrations.
---. The Beaver. 1935 Sep.
Brief article describing the arrangement of the original correspondence contained in the archives of the Company in London. The article was written by the Archivist of the Company, and contains useful illustrations.
Fur and Gold in the Kootenays. Wrigley Printing Co.; 1945.
The volume is divided into three sections, the first being introductory background and the second covering the fur trade in the Kootenays during the first half of the nineteenth century. The third section is not relevant. The volume is noted and includes a brief bibliography, but is not indexed.
Grant, Louis S. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1940 Mar.
Brief article describing activity at the Fort between its sale to the British by Nathaniel Wyeth in 1837 and its abandonment in 1856. The author quotes extensively from primary sources gathered from the collection sof the Hudson's Bay Company archives.
Gray, Mary A. Washington Historical Qaurterly. 1930 Apr.
Describes the evolution of Company territorial claims on the Columbia River, from the initial treaty between Britain and the United States recognizing the rights of the Company until the 1863 treaty between the two countries formally resolving the territorial problem. Extensive footnoting of primary sources could be valuable as a bibliography of archival material available on these issues.
Greve, Alice. The Beaver. 1941 Sep.
Description of the rennovated home that McLoughlin built in 1846, and in which he lived out the remainder of his life, in Oregon City. The article contains photographs of the interior and exterior of the home, but is not footnoted.
John Jacob Astor: Business and Finance in the Early Republic. Wayne State University Press; 1991.
Biography of the financier who funded the creation of Astoria through his Pacific Fur Company. The volume contains three chapters on Astoria, the first of which deals with the preliminary planning. The volume is fully noted and indexed, and includes a bibliography.
The Mountain Men and the Fur Trade of the Far West. THe Arthur H. Clark Co.; 1965.
Volume I of X, contains twenty alphabetically arranged biographies, by different scholars, of major fur traders in the trans-Mississippi West in the first half of the nineteenth century. The empahsis of the series is on the central Rocky Mountain region, but the Columbia River basin is included in the scope of the work and receives significant coverage due to the sheer size of the set. This initial volume contains a summary history of the far western fur trade in America, to provide basic background to the biographies. Volume begins with a fold-out map that indicates the geographical scope of the series.
The Mountain Men and the Fur Trade of the Far West, Volume II. THe Arthur H. Clark Co.; 1965.
Volume II of X, contains thirty-seven alphabetically arranged biographies, by different scholars, of major fur traders in the trans-Mississippi West in the first half of the nineteenth century. The empahsis of the series is on the central Rocky Mountain region, but the Columbia River basin is included in the scope of the work and receives significant coverage due to the sheer size of the set.
The Mountain Men and the Fur Trade of the Far West, Volume III. THe Arthur H. Clark Co.; 1966.
Volume III of X, contains thirty-six alphabetically arranged biographies, by different scholars, of major fur traders in the trans-Mississippi West in the first half of the nineteenth century. The empahsis of the series is on the central Rocky Mountain region, but the Columbia River basin is included in the scope of the work and receives significant coverage due to the sheer size of the set.
The Mountain Men and the Fur Trade of the Far West, Volume IV. THe Arthur H. Clark Co.; 1966.
Volume IV of X, contains thirty-three alphabetically arranged biographies, by different scholars, of major fur traders in the trans-Mississippi West in the first half of the nineteenth century. The empahsis of the series is on the central Rocky Mountain region, but the Columbia River basin is included in the scope of the work and receives significant coverage due to the sheer size of the set.
The Mountain Men and the Fur Trade of the Far West, Volume IX. THe Arthur H. Clark Co.; 1972.
Volume IX of X, contains forty-three alphabetically arranged biographies, by different scholars, of major fur traders in the trans-Mississippi West in the first half of the nineteenth century. The empahsis of the series is on the central Rocky Mountain region, but the Columbia River basin is included in the scope of the work and receives significant coverage due to the sheer size of the set.
The Mountain Men and the Fur Trade of the Far West, Volume V. THe Arthur H. Clark Co.; 1968.
Volume V of X, contains twenty-eight alphabetically arranged biographies, by different scholars, of major fur traders in the trans-Mississippi West in the first half of the nineteenth century. The empahsis of the series is on the central Rocky Mountain region, but the Columbia River basin is included in the scope of the work and receives significant coverage due to the sheer size of the set.
The Mountain Men and the Fur Trade of the Far West, Volume VI. THe Arthur H. Clark Co.; 1968.
Volume VI of X, contains thirty-one alphabetically arranged biographies, by different scholars, of major fur traders in the trans-Mississippi West in the first half of the nineteenth century. The empahsis of the series is on the central Rocky Mountain region, but the Columbia River basin is included in the scope of the work and receives significant coverage due to the sheer size of the set.
The Mountain Men and the Fur Trade of the Far West, Volume VII. THe Arthur H. Clark Co.; 1969.
Volume VII of X, contains thirty-one alphabetically arranged biographies, by different scholars, of major fur traders in the trans-Mississippi West in the first half of the nineteenth century. The empahsis of the series is on the central Rocky Mountain region, but the Columbia River basin is included in the scope of the work and receives significant coverage due to the sheer size of the set.
The Mountain Men and the Fur Trade of the Far West, Volume VIII. THe Arthur H. Clark Co.; 1971.
Volume VIII of X, contains thirty alphabetically arranged biographies, by different scholars, of major fur traders in the trans-Mississippi West in the first half of the nineteenth century. The empahsis of the series is on the central Rocky Mountain region, but the Columbia River basin is included in the scope of the work and receives significant coverage due to the sheer size of the set.
The Mountain Men and the Fur Trade of the Far West, Volume X. THe Arthur H. Clark Co.; 1972.
Volume X of X, contains extended bibliography and index for the previous nine volumes, which are comprised of alphabetically arranged biographies, by different scholars, of major fur traders in the trans-Mississippi West in the first half of the nineteenth century. The empahsis of the series is on the central Rocky Mountain region, but the Columbia River basin is included in the scope of the work and receives significant coverage due to the sheer size of the set. Bibliography emphasizes secondary sources and is quite extended.
Haines, F. D. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1936 Dec.
Short piece determining the location of McKenzie's winter camp on the Snake River, having been sent forth from Astoria by the Pacific Fur Company to report on prospects for the coming season and recover the goods from last season's catch. Author relies primarily on secondary sources.
Haines, Frances D. Jr. Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 1949 Oct.
History of British vs. American fur trade competition between the signing of joint occupation of the Oregon territory in 1818 and the treaty of 1846 (which split the territory in two).
Haines, Francis D. Jr. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1955 Sep.
As an example of the dangers faced by Hudson's Bay Company trappers in the Snake country during the booming trade of the 1820s, the author recounts the events leading up to the death of L'Etang at the hands of Blackfeet Indians in 1830. John Work was head of Snake country operations for the Company at the time, and his journal provided a valuable resource for the author.
Hall, Roberta L. and Hall Don Alan. Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 1991 Jul.
Description of the earliest accounts of European contact with the Native AMericans of the Coquille River that are still extant. Significant discussion of Hudson's Bay Company trader Alexander McLeod and American trader Jedediah Smith.
Harrington, Lyn. The Beaver. 1958 Winter.
Discusses the spread of the Chinook language, spoken by the tribe that resided at the mouth of the Columbia, through the Pacific Northwest fur trade to ease communication in the early nineteenth century. The article is illustrated, and provides a significant amount of vocabulary, but is not footnoted.
The Opening of the Canadian West: Where Strong Men Gathered. The John Day Co.; 1967.
History of the opening of western Canada, relying particularly on the story of the fur trade, covers the period of late seventeenth century to the late nineteenth century, from initial exploration until admission to Canada as provinces.
Himes, George H. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1907 Sep.
In this piece of correspondance to an Oregon newspaper, McLoughlin, chief of Hudson's Bay Company Columbia Department activity since 1824, reflects on the history of settlement in Oregon during a time of rapidly evaporating Hudson's Bay Company power.
Himes, George W. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1912 Dec.
Presentation of letters written by the Spaldings after arriving at Hudson's Bay Company trading and agricultural post Fort Walla Walla on the Columbia River in 1836. The letters focus on Company activity in the region and on fort life, but are not introduced or footnoted.
Hines, Clarence. Oregon Historical Qaurterly. 1939 Dec.
Description of the events leading up to, and during, the construction of Fort Nex Perces by McKenzie and Ross of the North West Company in 1818, on the east bank of the Columbia and just above the mouth of the Walla Walla. The accounts of the fur trade later written by Alexander Ross provide the author's primary resources.
The Columbia. Clarke, Irwin & Co.; 1956.
History of the river from Captain Gray in the late eighteenth century through to the mid-twentieth century, notabe for chapters on Forts Astoria and Vancouver.
A Narrative of Colonel Robert Campbell's Experiences in the Rocky Mountian Fur Trade from 1825 to 1835. Ye Galleon Press; 1991.
Presentation of Campbell's journal, recounting his ten years in the Rockies, introduced and annotated by Holloway. The volume contains an index.
Holman, Frederick V. Oregon Historical Society. 1923 Dec.
Speech tracing the fur trading career of Peter Skene Ogden. Delivered by the President of the Oregon Historicl Society on the occasion of the unveiling of the Ogden Memorial in Oregon City. Address indicates the cultural importance of Ogden in regional history, as do brief remarks made at the occasion, included in this issue, by Henry L. Bates, T.C. Elliott, J.D. Chitwood, and Harvey G. Starkweather. Primarily of historiographical interest.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1907 Dec.
Curious summary of McLoughlin's life and character that is rather anecdotal, describing, for example, the trader's role in establishing the first school in Oregon, and discussion of his religion.
Dr. John McLoughlin: The Father of Oregon. The Arthur H. Clark Co.; 1907.
Volume provides a lengthy biography of McLoughlin's life after taking command of Fort Vancouver for the Hudson's Bay Company in 1824. Lengthy series of appendices reprinting documents relevant to McLoughlin's life and professional activities.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1911 Sep.
Author describes the course and direct consequences of the Astorian venture that established the Pacific Fur Company in 1810 and founded Astoria at the mouth of the olumbia River the following year.
David Thompson: Travels in Western North America, 1784-1812. Macmillan; 1971.
Annotated presentation of Thompson's journals describing his work for both the North West Company and Hudson's Bay Company between 1797-1812, including earlier material also. Extended introduction and numerous useful maps precede presentation of journal.
Howay, F. W. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1933 Dec.
Description of the first visit of this trading vessal to the Columbia River. Account draws heavily on the ship's log.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1934 Mar.
Condensation of the ship's log book by the author provides an account of the return of this ship to the Northwest coastal trade after a brief stay in its home port of Boston following its initial voyage on the Columbia River in 1827.
---. THe Beaver. 1938 Jun.
Description of the development and use of transportation trails from Hudson's Bay Company posts in British Columbia to the Columbia River and then the Pacific. The article is illustrated (including a map), but is not footnoted.
---. The Beaver. 1939 Dec.
Description of the development of the canoe, and its manifestations in various regions, which was crucial in the western fur trade. The article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
The Dixon-Meares Controversy. The Ryerson Press; 1929.
Dixon and Meares were English fur traders along the Pacific Northwest coast in the 1780s, and argued vociferously over credit due for trapping and exploration. The volume contains a reproduction of their original written debate (Dixon's assertions, then Meares' counter attack, and finally Dixon's rebuttal), introduced by the editor.
---. Washington Historical Qaurterly. 1932 Jan.
Two page summary of the agreement between the Hudson's Bay Company and the North West Company effecting their union in 1821. Summary made from a copy of the original examined by the author (the only copy known to exist) in the St. Sulpice Library in Montreal.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1923 Jun.
Letters taken from Robert Gray and John Hoskins written during the second voyage of the Columbia of Boston to the Pacific Northwest coast to trade for furs (1790-92), during which Gray discovered the mouth of the Columbia River. Letters are from the Barrell collection held by the Massachusetts Historical Society.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1930 Apr.
Description of the Northwest coast fur trading voyages of Cpatain Josiah Roberts of the ship Jefferson. This account was prepared using the log kept by First Officer Bernard Magee as the author's primary resource.
Howay, Judge F. W. and Elliott T. C. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1921 Dec.
Log of John Boit, member of Robert Gray's crew aboard the Columbia on its second voyage from Boston to the Pacific northwest to trade for furs, during which Gray discovered the mouth of the Columbia. Introduced, and heavily annotated with footnotes, by the editors.
Hussey, John A. The Beaver. 1975 Spring.
Describes the social/cultural history of Company fort life through the rooms the residents occupied. Emphasis on Fort Vancouver, which is the author's research interest. No footnoting, but quotes liberally from unusual primary sources.
The Fur Trade in Canada. Yale University Press; 1962.
Reprinting of the 1930 original that describes the economic history of the fur trade, and through that of Canada itself, from 1497 to contemporary activity.
Astoria. University of Oklahoma Press; 1964.
Reprinting of Irving's 1836 classic account of the Astorian venture of the Pacific Fur Company. The volume contains an introduction and substantial bibliography by the editor (Edgeley W. Todd), and is indexed.
Shadow on the Tetons: David E. Jackson and the Claiming of the American West. Mountain Press Publishing Company; 1993.
Biography of the career of Jackson, who became part of the famous Smith, Jackson & Sublette Company which brought an American challenge to British dominance of the overland fur trade in the Rocky Mountain region and beyond during the 1820s. The volume is well noted and indexed, and includes a bibliography.
Jerzyk, Anna. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1940 Jun.
Brief description of the failed attempt of the Winship brothers, Boston traders, to establish a trading fort on the Columbia River the year before the founding of Astoria. Some good informational footnoting, but the author relies entirely on secondary sources.
Joel E. Ferris. Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 1957 Jan.
Very brief biography of the son of Archibald McDonald, a prominent Hudson's Bay Company trader at Fort Vancouver.
Johansen, Dorothy O. The Beaver. 1946 Jun.
Description of Dr. McLoughlin's (Chief Factor of the Columbia Department frorm 1824-1845) relationship with the local Native American tribes. The article is based primarily upon McLoughlin's corresepondence, and quotes substantially from it. The article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
---. The Beaver. 1937 Sep.
Brief biography of the career of Tolmie, Company physician who was stationed at Fort Vancouver beginning in 1833. The article develops his personality more than detailing the chronology of his life, and is illustrated, but not footnoted.
Empire of the Columbia: A History of the Pacific Northwest. Harper & Brothers; 1957.
Part I (of IV) of the volume, over 200 pages, deals primarily with the history of the Northwest fur trade to describe the development of the region until the establishment of provisional government. Lengthy work frequently broken with subject headings for ease of use as a rederence tool.
John Francis McDermott. Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 1957 Apr.
Alfred Seton's memoir of a visit to Sitka, the Russian fur trade establishment, in 1814. Briefly introduced by the editor.
John S. Galbraith. Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 1950 Apr.
Description of the difficulties of Hudson's Bay Company, and its subsidiary Puget Sound Agricuktural Company, activity during this period of dramatically increased settlement of the Oregon territory.
Johnson, Alice M. The Beaver. 1960 Summer.
Written by the Hudson's Bay Company Archivist, this article discusses the body of written record left by Sir George Simpson, and creates a useful picture of the nature of early nineteenth century record keeping by administrators in the fur trade. The article is illustrated.
British Establishments on the Columbia & the State of the Fur Trade. Ye Galleon Press; 1981.
Report presented to the Senate by Andrew Jackson in 1831, prepared by William Ashley, who had been involved in the far western fur trade since 1822. The report includes a chart indicating fur sales, and the editor has included notes and an index.
Johnson, Patricia M. The Beaver. 1955 Winter.
Description of the years (1858-1862) that Charles William Wilson spent surveying the boundary between the United States and Canada from the Pacific to the Rockies in accordance with the Treaty of Washington of 1846. From 1860 on, he was based at Fort Colville on the Columbia. The article is illustrated, including a useful map, and quotes liberally from Wilson's journal, but is not footnoted.
John McLoughlin: Patriarch of the Northwest. Metropolitan Press; 1935.
Description of McLoughlin's career as head of Fort Vancouver for the Hudson's Bay Company, but constructed as a history of that particular region during the 1820s-40s told through the figure of McLoughlin.
Astorian Adventure: THe Journal of Alfred Seton, 1811-1815. Fordham University Press; 1993.
Presentation of Seton's journal detailing his time in Astoria, which coincided with its sale to the Hudson's Bay Company. The volume contains an introduction by the editor whic surveys Seton's life and the origins and importance of Astoria.
Old Trails and New Directions: Papers of the Third North American Fur Trade Conference. University of Toronto Press; 1980.
Collection of papers presented at the Third North American Fur Trade Conference held in Winnipeg, Manitoba in 1978. Useful more as a guide to the recent historiographical trends in the study of the fur trade than for specific geographic relevance to the Columbia River basin. Quite useful bibliography.
Judson, Katharine B. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1919 Sep.
Description of the territorial disputes between Britain and the United States in the Columbia River region, a conflict in which Astoria, under control of the Northwest Company, was embroiled. Information gathered by the author from previously restricted portions of the British Public Record Office.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1916 Sep.
Extended letter from McLoughlin of Fort Vancouver (head of Hudson's Bay Company Columbia Department) to Simpson (head of all Hudson's bay Company North American operations) describing the state of the regional operation finances and indicates a great deal about the antagonism between the two men and the precarious state of territorial politics at this time. Introduced by the author, and copied directly from the original at Hudson's Bay House in London.
Judson, Katherine B. Oregon Historical Society. 1919 Dec.
Continuation of the first part in the September 1919 issue, detailing the trauma of the 1818 United States claim of all territory south of the Columbia River from the perspective of British reaction, focusing on the role of the trading post at Astoria. The author quotes heavily from contemporary correspondence.
---. American Historical Review. 1915 Oct.
Reprinting of the lengthy letter that fully describes the circumstances surrounding McLoughlin's resignation, and his personal motives for such action. The letter is introduced by the editor, who uncovered it in the Hudson's Bay Company Archive in London.
Karamanski, Theodore J. The Beaver. 1982 Spring.
Role of Iroquois in the fur trade of the far West (mostly western Rockies), first with the North West Company in the 1790s and then with the Hudson's Bay Company until the 1830s. Illustrated, but not footnoted.
The People Bought this and the Clatsop Became Rich. University Microfilms; 1971.
Doctoral dissertation that covers the fur trade relationship between Native Americans and Europeans on the lower Columbia duriing the early to mid-nineteenth century. The volume is well cited and includes a lengthy bibliography, but is not indexed.
Kardulias, P. Nick. American Indian Culture and Research Journal. 1990.
A multidisciplinary attempt at examining the social and economic consequences of the fur trade for Native American cultures. Very broad in scope, both geographically and chronologically. The article is conveniently divided into titles sections, and is endnoted.
Kidd, Kenneth. The Beaver. 1946 Dec.
Describes the journeys of Irish-Canadian painter Kane in the Pacific Northwest from 1845-48 under the patronage of Sir George Simpson of the Hudson's Bay Company, spending time at Forts Vancouver, Colville, and Walla-Walla (among others). The article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
Kingston, C. S. Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 1948 Jul.
History of the trading fort built under the direction of David Thompson in 1810 to serve as the North West Company's western Columbia River basin outpost. The article includes a section on the later history of the site.
Klan, Yvonne Mears. The Beaver. 1979 Spring.
Brief article recounting the career of William at Fort Vancouver, who arrived there in 1845 to serve as chaplain to the Hawaiians employed by the Hudson's Bay Company, remaining at the Fort until it passed out of Company hands in 1860. Not footnoted, but contains interesting contemporary illustrations.
Knox, Harold and Knox Olive. The Beaver. 1944 Mar.
Brief description of the career of Hudson's Bay Company fur trader McDonald, who served five years at Fort George on the Columbia River. The article focuses on the journey McDonald made with Sir George Simpson from York Factory to the Pacific Ocean in 1828. The article is illustrated, including a map of the journey, but is not footnoted.
Lamb, W. Kaye. The Beaver. 1946 Mar.
Description of Hudson's Bay Company strategy to expand their geographical influence in the Pacific Northwest, with emphasis on the fate of the Oregon country. The article includes a full page reproduction of an original mid-nineteenth century Company map of the region. The article is not footnoted.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1946 Mar.
Reprinting of the report of James Douglas, Chief Trader at Fort Vancouver, to the Governor of the Hudson's Bay Company in response to the accusations made against McLoughlin's reign at the fort by Reverend Herbert Beaver, Chaplain of the Hudson's Bay Company West of the Rocky Mountains from 1836-38. The report is introduced by the editor.
The Journal of Gabriel Franchere, 1811-14. The Champlain Society; 1969.
The most complete available first-hand account of the Astorian settlement, written by a young junior clerk. The volume includes an historical introduction by the editor, and contains the entire original French manuscript following the translated one. The volume is indexed.
---. The Beaver. 1958 Winter.
Discusses the history of the Hudson's Bay Company steam ship that played a vital role in the Pacific Northwest coastal and Columbia River trade (1830s-1850s) built by McLoughlin from his base at Fort Vancouver. Th article is well illustrated, tracing the appearance of the ship over time, but is not footnoted.
A Columbia River Reader. Washington State Historical Society; 1992.
Collection of scholarly historical essays concerning various aspects of the Columbia River, including essays by William Lang and John Hussey on the fur trade. The essays are not footnoted, and the volume is not indexed, but a brief bibliography and useful map of the river basin are included.
The Conquest of the Great Northwest. The Outing Publishing Co.; 1908.
Survey of the Hudson's Bay Company beginning earlier than usual, with Hudson's first voyage, and concluding in 1870. Not indexed, published in two volumes.
Land of Giants: The Drive to the Pacific Northwest, 1750-1950. Doubleday ; 1958.
Survey of Pacific Northwest settlement, Book II (of VI) in the volume is titled "The Wars of the Beaver Kingdoms" and provides a 90 page survey of conflict between rival fur traders.
Westward Vision: The Story of the Oregon Trail. McGraw-Hill; 1963.
Details American attempts to reach the western sea by overland routes from the eighteenth century until the mass migration over the Oregon Trail in the mid-nineteenth century, the far western fur trade plays a large role in the history of the quest for the Oregon country presented here. The volume is noted and indexed, and contains several maps and a bibliography.
Leader, Herman. The Beaver. 1949 Mar.
Discusses Hudson's Bay Company fur trading activity in California during the 1820s to 1840s, primarily in connection to territories in the Columbia and Snake countries to the north and northwest. Relations with Fort Vancouver prominent in article, and McKay and Ogden feature. Illustrated, including useful map, but not footnoted.
Leader, Herman A. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1931 Mar.
Journal of Hudson's Bay Company employee under McLoughlin at Fort Vancouver sent out in 1840 to build a Company post on the Taku River, which had just been leased to the Company by the Russian American Fur Co. Brief introductory note by editor, no annotation. Original manuscript in Bancroft Library at University of California - Berkeley.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1931 Mar.
Part one of four of the journal of James Douglas, who had just become second-in-command to McLoughlin at Fort Vancouver after ten years experience there, during his journey north to build a post on the Taku River on behalf of the Hudson's Bay Company. This excerpt covers April-May 1840. The journal is introduced with a brief biography by the editor, and is extensively footnoted.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1931 Jun.
Part two of four of the journal of James Douglas, who had just become second-in-command to McLoughlin at Fort Vancouver after ten years experience there, during his journey north to build a post on the Taku River on behalf of the Hudson's Bay Company. This excerpt covers May-August 1840. The journal is extensively footnoted.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1931 Sep.
Part three of four of the journal of James Douglas, who had just become second-in-command to McLoughlin at Fort Vancouver after ten years experience there, during his journey north to build a post on the Taku River on behalf of the Hudson's Bay Company. This excerpt covers August-October 1840. The journal is extensively footnoted.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1931 Dec.
Part three of four of the journal of James Douglas, who had just become second-in-command to McLoughlin at Fort Vancouver after ten years experience there, during his journey north to build a post on the Taku River on behalf of the Hudson's Bay Company. This excerpt covers October 1840, and the editor has included Douglas' lengthy report to McLoughlin written that same month. The journal and letter are extensively footnoted.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1932 Sep.
Reprinting of McLoughlin's defense against the assessment made of his conduct in the Warre and Vavasour report, prepared by two British officers sent to Oregon to review the situation there in 1845. The document is introduced and well footnoted by the editor.
Leechman, Douglas. The Beaver. 1970 Winter.
Discusses the farming efforts of the Hudson's Bay Company posts in North America, that often surpassed the needs of the traderd and became quite commercially successful among neighboring communities. The article is divided into sections addressing separate regions, devoting the Pacific Coast section mostly to Forts Vancouver and Nisqually. It is illustrated, but not footnoted.
Lewis, William S. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1920 Jan.
Describes the career of Heron, a Hudson's Bay Company fur trader in the Columbia Department, stationed first at Fort Colville and later at Fort Nisqually. The article also describes the life of his son, George, born at Nisqually.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1925 Apr.
Brief amalgamation of some Hudson's Bay Company business documents and correspondence related to the first several years of the fort's existence (primarily 1825-27). The documents were obtained by the author from an officer of the Winnipeg office of the Company.
Ranald MacDonald, 1824-1894. Eastern Washington State Historical Society; 1923.
Journal of the career of Ranald MacDonald, the early part of which was spent in the employ of the Hudson's Bay Company in the Columbia Department. Introductory biography by the editors included, as well as a MacDonald bibliography.
The Journal of John Work: A Chief-Trader of the Hudson's Bay Company During His Expedition from Vancouver to the Flatheads and Blackfeet of the Pacific Northwest. Arthur H. Clark Co.; 1923.
Work took charge of Snake country trapping for the Hudson's bay Company from Ogden in 1830, the journal describing his first expedition in this capacity. The volume includes a survey of the Northwest fur trade and an account of Work's life, in order to introduce the reader to the journal.
Lomax, Alfred L. The Beaver. 1964 Spring.
Discusses the expansion between 1829-59 of the Hudson's Bay Company's Pacific Northwest trade between the Columbia River (principally McLoughlin's Fort Vancouver) and the Hawaiian Islands. Article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
Seek the Dark Gold. The John C. Winston Company; 1951.
Volume recounts, in novel format, the adventures of the Scots among the original Astorians, centering on 1810-14 and including: the MacKays, Stuarts, and MacDougalls. The volume is not footnoted or indexed.
The Columbia River: Its History, Its Myths, Its Commerce. G.P. Putnam's Sons; 1909.
The first part of the volume deals with the river's nineteenth century history, inevitably dwelling on the fur trade during the coverage of the first half of the century. The second part of the volume is more a physical description of the river, thus not directly relevant to the fur trade, but useful as a reference.
Mackay, Corday. The Beaver. 1946 Dec.
Brief history of exploration of the Big Bend country, dwelling considerably on the contributions of fur trader David Thompson and the subsequent importance of his route for the growing regional fur trade in the early nineteenth century. Article is illustrated, including several useful maps, but is not footnoted.
---. The Beaver. 1948 Sep.
Discusses the travails of marriage and parenting among the Hudson's Bay Company fur traders of the Pacific Northwest in the first half of the nineteenth century, cut off from the society to which they had been accustomed. Article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
MacKay, Corday. The Beaver. 1955 Summer.
Description of Hudson's Bay Company efforts of the 1820s-1840s to extend their dominance of the Pacific Northwest inland fur trade to the coastal trade, previously dominated by American and Russian traders. The importance of Fort Vancouver and the Columbia River feature prominently. The article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
The Honourable Company: A History of the Hudson's Bay Company. Tudor Publishing Co.; 1938.
Covers the history of the Company from the mid-seventeenth century to its contemporary activities. Contains useful appendices providing statistics on the changes in Company stock values and dividends over time, as well as an extended bibliography of related literature.
Mackay, Douglas. The Beaver. 1938 Jun.
Reprinting of a radio talk by the author that focused on the rescue of the survivors of the Whitman Massacre (1847) in Oregon territory by fur trader Peter Skene Ogden, known for his exploits on behalf of the Hudson's Bay Company in Snake country. The article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
Maclachlan, Morag. The Beaver. 1993 Apr-1993 May 31.
Brief biography of Annance, controversial figure who exemplifies the difficulties encountered by half-Indian men in the Hudson's Bay Company administration in North America, who spent time at Fort Geeorge and helped found Fort Langley. Illustrated, but not footnoted.
Maloney, Alice B. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1938 Mar.
Author pieces together the career of this obscure fur trader involved in prominent activities, such as returning Lewis & Clark's guides back to the Northwest, accompanying the Astorian overland expedition, then trading and later settling along the Willamette River, an American free trader in British controlled territory. Author quotes sources mentioning Carson at length, well citing his evidence.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1940 Sep.
Lists, and describes recent archeological disocveries at, American fur trader Smith's coastal camp sites. Author quotes extensively from "The Travels of Jedediah Smith" by Maurice Sullivan, which provides a log of his journeys.
Maloney, Alice Bay. The Beaver. 1944 Dec.
Description of the origins and activity of French Camp, the fur trade rendezvous located in the valley formed by the Sacremento and San Joaquin Rivers and attended by Fort Vancouver traders every Summer from 1832 to 1844. The article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
Four Years in the Rockies. W.B. Thomas; 1884.
Volume describes the career of American fur trader Isaac P. Rose, and provides a strong picture of the late nineteenth century perspective on Native Americans and the fur trade, but is not very academic. The volume is neither footnoted or indexed.
Martig, Ralph Richard. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1935 Mar.
Discusses the fate of the Hudson's Bay Company's most valuable North American claims after the British government relinquished all claims south of the 49th parallel in 1846, until final sale of assets within U.S. territory was settled upon in 1869.
Les Bourgeois de la Compagnie du Nord-Ouest. Antiquarian Press Ltd.; 1960.
Reprint of the two volume set of Northwest Company documents first published in 1889. The table of contents and lengthy introduction are written in French, but the documents themselves are in English.
McCloy, T. R. The British Columbia Historical Quarterly. 1951 Jul-1951 Oct 31.
The index pertains to the biographical sketches contained in the appendices of Volumes I to XII and XXII of the Publications of the Champlain Society (I to XII also issued as Publications of the Hudson's Bay Record Society).
Fur Trade Letters of Francis Ermatinger, 1818-1853. The Arthur H. Clark Co.; 1980.
Correspondence tracing the career of Hudson's Bay Company trader Ermatinger, who was assigned to the Columbia Department in 1825 and subsequently spent time among the Flatheads and then settled upon the Company's old Cowlitz Farm in the Willamette Valley. The volume is divided into sections chronologically, and each section of correspondecne is introduced by the author. This collection includes an index and bibliography, and is well footnoted.
McLerran, Jennifer. American Indian Culture and Research Journal. 1994.
Discusses the painted images of Native American women involved in the fur trade, focusing on the work of Miller, who travelled in the Oregon country in the 1830s. The article is well illustrated, conveniently broken up into sections, and includes extensively annotated endnotes to help with further research.
Two Studies in the History of the Pacific Northwest. University of Washington Press; 1911.
Brief volume contins two articles by the author, the first of which is titled "The Towns of the Pacific Northwest were not Founded on the Fur Trade," an interesting early revisionist work. The second article is not relevant. Both are reprints from the Annual Report of the American Historical Association for 1909. The articles are footnoted.
The Great Columbia Plain: A Historical Geography, 1805-1910. University of Washington Press; 1968.
Study of historical regional geography that examines how the Columbia River region was organized in the nineteenth century, with inevitable emphasis on the fur trade during the volume's coverage of the first half of the century. Thirty-four page bibliography for further research in this area.
Merk, Frederick. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1934 Jun.
Article describes the first season that Ogden was in charge of the Hudson's Bay Company's Snake River operations, after replacing Ross.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1934 Jun.
Discusses the expansion of Hudson's Bay Company influence in the Oregon territory through establishing operations in Snake country under Peter Skene Ogden, describing his initial hunts in the region. Author quotes heavily from relevant primary sources, and draws from his own work, "Fur Trade and Empire.".
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1934 Jun.
Describes Hudson's Bay Company trapping activity in Snake country, headed by Peter Skene Ogden, who had just replaced Alexander Ross.
Meyers, J. A. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1922 Jul.
Describes the career of McDonald, who joined the North West Company in 1804 and crossed the Rockies to trap along the Columbia River with David Thompson in 1807. Author quotes extensively from the few primary sources that give details about McDonald's career.
Prophetic Worlds: Indians and Whites on the Columbia Plateau. Rutgers University Press; 1985.
Anthropological work detailing the cultural transition of native peoples in the Columbia River region over the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries through European contact, in which the fur traders played a prominent role.
Miller, David E. Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 1960 Jan.
Description of Ogden's foray into Utah on behalf of the Hudson's Bay Company. Author notes that the journals kept by Ogden on thi hunt were not up to the standard of his Snake country journals, thus he attempts to reconstruct the journey using the limited journal material as a tool. Includes useful full page map.
Minto, John. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1914 Dec.
Brief description of the involvement of French Canadians in the development of Fort Astoria (later Fort George) into a major trading post, including their participation in the Pacific Fur Comapny and the Northwest Company.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1910 Jun.
Memoir of emigrant from Missouri to Oregon in 1844, specifically geared to his encounters with John McLoughlin. Document was submitted by the author to the Trustees of the McLoughlin School at Oregon City.
The White Headed Eagle: John McLoughlin, Builder of an Empire. Macmillan; 1934.
Biography of McLoughlin covering the entirety of his life, but concentrating on his time as head of Fort Vancouver for the Hudson's Bay Company.
Jedediah Smith and the Opening of the West. The Bobbs-Merrill Co.; 1953.
Biography of an American fur trader who was very active throughout the far West with the Ashley, Smith, Jackson & Sublette Co. in the 1820s. Volume contains two appendices reproducing professional and personal correpsondence by Smith.
The West of William H. Ashley. The Old West Publishing Co.; 1964.
Oversized volume containing primary source material relevant to the career of Ashley, a prominent American fur trader who was part of the challenge to British dominance west of the Rockies during the 1820s and 30s. The documents are heavily annotated, and the volume is indexed.
Morris, Grace P. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1937 Dec.
Brief chronology of the rise and fall of the Astorian fur trade from its 1811 origins with the Pacific Fur Company, through North West Company and Hudson's Bay Company control, to its development into a settlement in the 1840s. Well foonoted by author, and includes lengthy quotes from primary sources.
Morrison, Dorothy and Morrison Jean. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1980 Winter.
Discusses various causes forwarded by historians and contemporary observers for the entry of McLoughlin, chief of Fort Vancouver and of the Columbia Department for the Hudson's Bay Company, into the fur trade in the first decade of the nineteenth century. The article is illustrated and footnoted, and concludes with a piece of correspondence by McLoughlin.
Morrison, Samuel E. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1920 Jul.
Collection of several letters from Captain Eliah Grimes of the American trading brig Owhyee (operating in the Pacific Northwest in the late eighteenth century) to its owners, the Boston firm of Marshall & Wildes. The originals have been lost. These copies were made from a letter-book inherited by the author.
David Thompson. The Ryerson Press; 1930.
Brief biography of the geographer and fur trade of the North West Company famed for his exploration of the Rockies and Oregon country in the 1790s and 1810s. More of a pamphlet than a volume, it is quite brief and not footnoted or indexed.
A History of the Canadian West to 1870-71 (2nd Edition). University of Toronto Press; 1973.
Second edition of the massive 1939 work detailing the exploration and settlement of western Canada from the mid-17th century to full admission of the western territories into Canada. Heavily researched work with massive index.
Sir George Simpson: Overseas Governor of the Hudson's Bay Company. Binfords and Mort; 1944.
Biography of the Governor of Rupert's land for the Hudson's Bay Company from 1821-60, who was in reality controller of all Company overseas activity in North America, and dominated the Columbia Department and western Canada. Contains a brief bibliographical note describing the available relevant material.
Morton, W. L. The Beaver. 1950 Sep.
Extended review of Marcel Giraud's "Le Metis Canadien" (published in French) that recounts the history of mixed race Euro-Indian westerners created by the social interaction necessitated by the fur trade. The article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
Murry, Keith A. Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 1961 Jan.
Discussion of the role of the Hudson's Bay Company in regional settlement during the mid-nineteenth century, empahsizing particularly the lingering power of the company after the decline of the fur trade in the 1840s.
British Activities in California and the Pacific Coast of North America to 1860: An Archival Calendar Guide. San Diego State University Press; 1990.
Very large volume listing, and fully describing, the archival resources of the British Foreign Office that are relevant to research on the North American Pacific coast. Substantial portions are geographically irrelevant to researchers of the Northwest coast, but portions are highly relevant and superbly described in detail, as well as being well organized.
Fort Vancouver National Historic Site. Department of the Interior; 1981.
Produced as a guide to the site, a lengthy history by David Lavender dominates the volume, which is conveniently subdivided and both illustrated and indexed.
The Splendid Wayfaring. University of Nebraska Press; 1920.
Describes the exploration and trapping of Jedediah Smith and the Ashley-Henry men in the Rockies, describing a good deal of the Snake country and the rendezvous meets of the free traders in that area. Lacks an index.
Neilson, Rev. J. Barry. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1912 Sep.
Description of the 1810 overland mission from St.Louis, on behalf of Astor's Pacific Fur Company, to the mouth of the Columbia River to establish a trading post led by William Price Hunt. Author retraces the route with careful reference to Chittenden's "American Fur Trade of the Far West," a substantial survey of the fur trade in that region.
Company of Adventurers, Volume I. Viking; 1985.
Academic Survey of the history of the Hudson's Bay Company. Contains useful appendices listing pertinent names, dates, and figures.
Nicardi, David L. Oregon Histrorical Quarterly. 1987 Summer.
Discusses Stanley's work in the Pacific Northwest, primarily accomplished on an 1847 journey and others in the 1850s. Article reproduces a catalogue of his work from the first journey, which includes Joe Meek and Fort Walla Walla among other notable fur trade subjects. Article is illustrated and endnoted.
Nielsen, Jean C. Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 1940 Apr.
Description of McKenzie's direction and expansion of the Snake country fur trade, on behalf of the North West Company, in the years preceding the absorption of the Company into the Hudson's Bay Company.
Columbia's River: The Voyages of Robert Gray, 1787-1793. Washington State Historical Society; 1991.
Survey of the two voyages of fur trader - explorer Robert Gray to the Northwest coast during 1787-93, credited with the formal discovery of the entrance to the Columbia River. Contains useful appendices of correspondence and log excerpts.
Nute, Grace Lee. The Beaver. 1946 Sep.
Description of life at Hudson's Bay Company trading post Fort Colville on the upper Columbia River, taken from the correspondence of botanist Karl Andreas Geyer, who spent the Winter of 1843-44 there. The article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
---. The Beaver. 1960 Summer.
Discusses the cross-continent journeys that Sir George Simpson of the Hudson's Bay Company took by canoe as often as possible between 1821 and his death in 1860, passing along the Columbia River and through Forts Colville and Vancouver. The article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
O'Neil, Marion. Washington Historical Qaurterly. 1930 Oct.
Article presents a brief survey of the Company's attempts to establish trade with China using the mouth of th Columbia River as a mid-point. The article focuses on the activities of the trading ships themselves.
Oliphant, J. Orin. Oregon Historical Society. 1953 Mar.
Listing of the contents of the library shipped to J.G. King, agent at the Hudson's Bay Compant establishment, in 1853. The author interprets the well-documented list to establish its cultural historical importance.
---. Washington Histrorical Quarterly. 1934 Jan.
Article contains a full listing and description of the contents of the library acquired by McKinlay, a Hudson's Bay Company clerk stationed at Fort Walla Walla on the Columbia River in 1843. The collection is introduced and subsequently interpreted by the author.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1925 Jan.
Part one of two of an article written to provide survey of the history of the fort from its inception in 1825, to its abandonment by the Hudson's Bay Company in 1871. Heavily laden with extensive footnotes. Written to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the fort.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1925 Apr.
Part two of two of an article written to provide survey of the history of the fort from its inception in 1825, to its abandonment by the Hudson's Bay Company in 1871. Heavily laden with extensive footnotes. Written to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the fort.
Oregon Historial Quarterly. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1903 Dec.
Anonymously edited letter from the American fur trade company of Smith, Sublette and Jackson to the U.S. Secretary of War, John Eaton, written in 1830 to protest British control beyond the Rocky Mountains. Provides insight into the contemporary perception of the territorial fur trade conflict between the two nations.
Oregon Historical Quarterly. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1912 Dec.
Editors introduce letter between Simpson (head of Hudson's Bay Comapny activity in North America) and McKinley (Chief Trader of the Hudson's Bay Company at their store in Oregon City) concerning the opening of accounts with destitute settlers by John McLoughlin of Fort Vancouver.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1914 Sep.
Letter written by John McLoughlin of Fort Vancouver in 1832 to John McLeod of Norway House, describing the current yields of his Fort's farm.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1907 Mar.
Reprinting of the 1820 report of the House of Representatives committee charged with inquiry into the proposed direction of future policy toward the extant settlements on the Columbia River under British control. This document is the first policy statement to push for control of the Columbia River by the United States.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1907 Sep.
The negative 1824 response to Floyd's 1820-21 House of Representatives select committee charged with inquiring into occupation of the Columbia River, which recommended such a course of action. Floyd's committee was the first policy body to investigate such a course of action.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1908 Dec.
Reprinting of the 1844 speech by Senator Semple urging the United States to rescind the treaty agreeing to joint occupation of the Oregon territory with the British. Followed by the reprinting of reports from several contemporary meetings of American settlers in Oregon supporting Senator Semple's position. This movement to expel the British and fully open the territory to settlement had massive implications for the fur trade.
Overmeyer, Philip Henry. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1935 Mar.
Short biographies of the expedition members of Nathaniel Wyeth's overland journey to the Oregon country in 1832 for the commercial purpose of trapping, and eventually trading, at their destination, Fort Vancouver. Author introduces the biographies.
---. Washington Historical Quarterly. 1933 Jan.
Concise biography of the fur trader who established Fort Hall on the Snake River, the first American fur trading post in the far West.
Patterson, R. M. The Beaver. 1956 Spring.
Brief biography of Samuel Black, a seemingly curious personality who reigned over Fort Nez Perces (Walla Walla) from 1825-30 on behalf of the Hudson's Bay Company. The article quotes at lengt from relevant primary source materials, and is illustrated, but not footnoted.
---. The Beaver. 1960 Winter.
Discusses the importance to the early nineteenth century fur trade of the river route down the Whirlpool and Wood Rivers to the point at which the Columbia became navigable. The article discusses the experiences of prominent traders on this route, and is illustrated, but not footnoted.
The Frontier and the American West. AHM; 1977.
Concise bibliography, not annotated, covering western history by topic. Each topic is broken into types of source available, including listings of document collections, local histories, and relevant bibliographies. The volume concludes with an author index.
The Oregon Country Under the Union Jack. Payette Radio Limited; 1962.
A reference book of historical documents, fully reprinted from archival resources, concentrating on the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. The volume was privately printed, is poorly organized, and is not indexed. However, much of the information within (although some of it is in French) is highly relevant to the fur trade of the Columbia River basin.
Payne, Michael and Thomas Gregory. The Beaver. 1983 Spring.
Describes the North West Company and Hudson's Bay Company libraries and the role of literacy in fort life during the late eighteenth century and the first half of the nineteenth century. Fort Vancouver was one of only eigtht Company forts that had a library. Illustrated, but not footnoted.
Pearsall, Marion. Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 1949 Oct.
Description of contributions to ethnological of Pacific Northwest Native Americans by the journal records kept by fur traders in the region between the 1790s and 1830s. Quotes liberally from journal sources.
The Fur Trade was Equitable in the Far West. Ye Galleon Press; 1991.
Brief volume that focuses on the early nineteenth century prime of the western Rocky Mountain/Oregon country fur trade. The volume is noted and indexed, and includes a bibliography.
Perrine, Fred S. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1924 Dec.
Description of early expolration and fur trade along the Willemette, beginning with Lewis & Clark and ending with the Northwest Comapny, but concentrating on Astor's Pacific Fur Company. Heavily annotated in footnotes, and includes a brief bibliography.
First Approaches to the Northwest Coast. J.J. Douglas Ltd.; 1976.
Volume concentrates on the eighteenth century coastal exploration and fur trade, including a chapter specifically on the late eighteenth century coastal trade, and one on Astoria. The volume includes a chronology and a bibliography, and is well noted and indexed.
Pettus, Terry. The Beaver. 1961 Summer.
Presentation of the story written by Edward Huggins, Hudson's Bay Company emplyee at Fort Nisqually, concerning the activity (including festivities) of the 1855 "fur return" which convened at the fort and attracted traders from all over Oregon and Washington states. The story is introduced by the editor, and is illustrated.
Life in the Rocky Mountains. The Old West Publishing Company; 1940.
Presentation of the journal of W.A. Ferris, who trapped in the far West (including the Columbia River region) between 1830-35. The volume includes historical background and a biography of Ferris by the editor. The journal is footnoted by the editor, and an index is included.
The Fur Trade: Volume II. University of Oklahoma Press; 1961.
First volume of this work concludes with the American Revolution and doesn't touch the far West, but the second volume is very relevant geographically and extends to the mid-nineteenth century. Includes an 80 page bibliography.
Piers, Sir Charles. The Beaver. 1934 Mar.
Historical background of the guns exhibited at the Company post in Vancouver, ranging from the seventeenth to nineteenth centuries. The article is illustrated, but not footnoted.
Pollard, Lancaster. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1944 Jun.
Author clears up the debate on exactly where American fur trader Jedediah Smith and fifteen of his party were killed by Indians on the Umpqua River. The author uses evidence from the 1857-58 field notebook of surveyor Harvey Gordon to make his argument.
Porter, Kenneth W. Oregpn Historical Quarterly. 1930 Dec.
Reconstruction of the character and role of Joseph Ashton in the Astorian fur trade under Astor and then as an employee of the North West Company until his death in 1815. Because Ashton was largely been overlooked by scholars, the author uses references to him in the Columbia River journal of Alexander Henry, Jr. as his principal source.
---. Oregon Historical Quarterly. 1933 Jun.
Alphabetically organized biographical roll of the men on the overland expedition to the mouth of the Columbia River led by Wilson P. Hunt on behalf of Astor's Pacific Fur Company. Compile from expedition journals contained in the Astor Papers at Harvard University.
Discovered Lands, Invented Pasts. Yale University Press; 1992.
Book released to commemorate the concurrent exhibition of the same title, that sought to explore the artistic legacy of Euro-Indian frontier interaction. The volume contains an essay by Susan Prendergast Schoelwer, titled "The Absent Other: Women in the Land and Art of the Mountain Men," that is particularly relevant to the fur trade of the Pacific Northwest. The volume is endnoted, indexed, and beautifully illustrated.
Ray, Arthur J. American Indian Culture and Research Journal. 1982.
Discussion of the Metis, an Indian people who evolved out of Native-European contact, and their role in building the fur trade. The historiography of the study of the Metis as actors in fur trade social history is also emphasized. The article is endnoted.
Rich, E. E. The Beaver. 1976 Summer.
A brief and wide ranging look at the food and medicine used by traders in the field and at fort between the mid-eighteenth and mi-nineteenth centuries. No footnotes, but interesting illustrations.
---. The Beaver. 1970 Winter.
Discusses the economic role of Native Americans in the fur trade undertaken by Europeans in North America. The article is reprinted from the Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, and was written a decade before this reprinting. The article contains a new introduction by the author recounting the debate it engendered. It is illustrated, but not footnoted.